July 27, 2019

My Take on The Nigerian-Canadian Dream: Part 1



Its been 11 months since I left my rather fairly well-paying job and a PhD program in Nigeria to pursue an MBA program in Canada. Mine was less of an economic move. Rather, it was borne out of an avid desire for educational advancement, international exposure and experience that will shape future plan­­­s. The rather backward political dispensation and retrogressing economy of the largest black Nation did help enable my decision, however. My former employer, a huge multinational of repute, had just closed down its biggest manufacturing plant on that side of Africa for issues related to economic viability and profitability. Put simply, it was becoming difficult to do business in Nigeria.

Thus, the average Nigerian dream of relocation out of Nigeria is mostly based on the gloom and perceived lack of hope or respite in the near future for Nigeria. The body language of the current government and political jobbers seem to be that of “we care more about ourselves and our hefty paychecks than we care for the existence of 186 million Nigerian citizenry”. Sad.

However, this is not a new development. Nigeria has always been afflicted by mediocre and lacklustre leaders who will rather enrich themselves than enable a broken system as indicated by all current economic and development indices. The acclaimed “giant of Africa” continues to underperform. Inflation rate remains relatively high at 11.22%. 5 years inflation rate projection is expected to remain high hovering around 11%. Per capital GDP of Nigeria is 2,396 US dollars as at 2018 with a downward trend since the start of the tenure of the current President in 2015. For perspective, Nigeria has the lowest current per capital GDP among all countries who had similar per capital GDP 30 years ago.

What is different? In 2015, Nigerians elected the current president (often called PMB) under the auspices and expectation of better economic performance, removal of political larceny and corruption from the system as well as uplifting 50% of Nigeria’s population who live in abject poverty. It has always been popularly rationalised that removal of political corruption will lead to economic progression and reduction in poverty – this is a wrong assumption, a dangerous one at that. Its almost impossible to remove corruption entirely from a nascent democracy like Nigeria or any democracy at all.

PMB’s election campaign strategy was centered around this failed expectation; an election he won by a large “rather shifty” margin – he was quite popular amongst the lower class. He was even more popular among the middle class inclusive of myself for his perceived integrity and “no nonsense” demeanor. This was our mistake – a costly one I must say.  

Fast forward to 2019, the Nation under PMB had sunk below all economic indices he met. Suffice to say that financial malfeasance and corruption, the reason he won the election in the first place, is actively thriving. A sitting state Governor was recorded accepting bribes (in foreign currency) several times with no consequence. Another task force head embezzled about 5.5-million-dollars pension fund and is known to be walking around freely. Several ongoing corruption cases involving several former office holders seem to be heading nowhere.  

Furthermore, insecurity in Nigeria heightened and shifted from Boko Haram to Fulani herdsmen (probably with politically motivated undertones in my opinion) but with similar outcome of loss of lives. As at end of 2018, about 1,600 Nigerians had lost their lives to the Fulani herdsmen with another 300,000 displaced. This number maybe shifty as some of the killings go unreported. Kidnaping and highway robbery is on a fast trajectory. Unemployment is at its highest ever at 23.13%. And tertiary education and healthcare system remain at abysmally low levels of functionality.

Therein comes the rather recent spike in the Nigerian-Canadian dream; the dream to relocate out of Nigeria to Canada on grounds of economic progression and safety. And more importantly, the dream to own a second passport. Nigerians have always relocated out of the country. It is said that 1 in every 7 black person in the world is Nigerian. Some other unpublished data suggests that 1 in every 4 black person is Nigerian. This wasn’t obvious to me till I relocated out of the country despite being averagely travelled previously.

However, an increasing number of mostly middle-class Nigerians seem to be exiting and relocating to better climes in Canada and Australia in droves. In 2016, the number of Nigerian citizens that was issued an invitation to apply for Canadian Permanent Residency program was 1,041 people. By 2017, that number increased to 5,130; about 4000% increase. In 2018, the number of Nigerians invited to apply for Canadian Permanent residency climbed up once again to 6,025; another 17% increase. There is no published data on the actual number of people who applied to the Express entry program. I reckon, however, that the growth rate for this will be in thousand-fold.

What about the student visa applications? Data available suggests an astronomical surge in the application to Canadian Universities and colleges by Nigerians. Nigeria is now one of the top 10 markets for university and college recruitment. My MBA program administrator recently invited me into a meeting to discuss how to tap into the Nigerian market. Why? Because there has suddenly been a spike in rate of application for the MBA program from Nigeria. Interactions with friends in other business schools in Canada suggest the same trend. Despite this, the rate of student visa refusal from Nigeria is astronomically higher than would be expected. At 81% student visa refusal rate, less than 2 out of every 10 student visa application from Nigeria is approved. However, this doesn’t seem to deter Nigerians from applying still.

Besides Canada, a publicly available data states that there has been a 15.2% increase in the number of Nigerians who overstayed their US visa in 2018 vs 2017. A total of 29,723 Nigerians overstayed their US Visa in 2018 only. This has led to an even more stringent visa application process for Nigerians applying to United states. Ditto United Kingdom.

All of these suggest a dangerous shift in the average Nigerian dream. Ten or so years ago, the average Nigerian dream would have been to graduate from the university, get a great job with a multinational company, earn a stable income and start a family. This has since changed as hordes of “comfortable middle class” Nigerians continue to plan their exit from a “perceived failing country”. The big question, however, is does the average Nigerian dream end with relocation to Canada? Does the struggle end with relocation? I think not.

Ps: Write up finished in part 2.  

Foye